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ORIGINAL PAPER
Effect of structured physical therapy program on patients with diabetes and mild cognitive impairment: randomised controlled trial
1
Department of Cardiovascular/Respiratory Disorders and Geriatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Al Hayah University, Cairo, Egypt
2
Department of Cardiovascular/Respiratory Disorders and Geriatrics, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
3
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
4
Department of Neurology, Faculty Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
Submission date: 2023-02-01
Acceptance date: 2023-05-30
Publication date: 2024-06-21
Physiother Quart. 2024;32(2):100-106
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
The mild cognitive impairment (MCI) refers to a condition that falls in between dementia and the normal cognitive ageing process. Aim of the study: to explore how a physical therapy rehabilitation program affected patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and MCI.
Methods:
The study included 37 elderly patients with T2DM and MCI from Al-Azhar University Hospital aged from 60 to 75 years old. After a physician’s referral, they were randomly allocated into two groups. Group A: 27 patients, underwent a three-session per week, 60-minute physical therapy rehabilitation program in addition to medical treatment. The twelve-week program also included resistive exercise, stretching exercises, and aerobic treadmill walking. The 10 patients in Group B only received medical treatment for a total of twelve weeks. Researchers assessed Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), the p300 neurophysiological test, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA).
Results:
There were significantly decreased HbA1c and P300 post-treatment compared to pre-treatment within the study group (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0001, respectively) and control group (p = 0.005 and p = 0.0001, respectively). The MOCA significantly increased post-treatment compared to pre-treatment within the study group, but there was no significant difference in the MOCA between pre- and post-treatment in the control group. The study group had decreased HbA1c, and increased MMS, MOCA, and P300 (13.72, 19.34, 18.7, and 7.2%, respectively) compared to the control group (11.06, 11.06, 9.3, 5.98%, respectively).
Conclusions:
Physical therapy rehabilitation programs are important in helping patients with T2DM for improving their memory and cognitive function as well as decreasing the MCI progression.
The mild cognitive impairment (MCI) refers to a condition that falls in between dementia and the normal cognitive ageing process. Aim of the study: to explore how a physical therapy rehabilitation program affected patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and MCI.
Methods:
The study included 37 elderly patients with T2DM and MCI from Al-Azhar University Hospital aged from 60 to 75 years old. After a physician’s referral, they were randomly allocated into two groups. Group A: 27 patients, underwent a three-session per week, 60-minute physical therapy rehabilitation program in addition to medical treatment. The twelve-week program also included resistive exercise, stretching exercises, and aerobic treadmill walking. The 10 patients in Group B only received medical treatment for a total of twelve weeks. Researchers assessed Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), the p300 neurophysiological test, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA).
Results:
There were significantly decreased HbA1c and P300 post-treatment compared to pre-treatment within the study group (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0001, respectively) and control group (p = 0.005 and p = 0.0001, respectively). The MOCA significantly increased post-treatment compared to pre-treatment within the study group, but there was no significant difference in the MOCA between pre- and post-treatment in the control group. The study group had decreased HbA1c, and increased MMS, MOCA, and P300 (13.72, 19.34, 18.7, and 7.2%, respectively) compared to the control group (11.06, 11.06, 9.3, 5.98%, respectively).
Conclusions:
Physical therapy rehabilitation programs are important in helping patients with T2DM for improving their memory and cognitive function as well as decreasing the MCI progression.
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