About
Scope & Aims
Editorial office
Editorial board
Reviewers
Ethical standards and procedures
Abstracting and indexing
Contact
Articles & Issues
Current issue
Articles in press
Archive
For Authors
General rules
Guide for authors
Templates
Publication charge
For Reviewers
Guide for reviewers
Our reviewers
ORIGINAL PAPER
Comparison of gluteus medius and hamstring activation
during seven plyometric exercises on three training surfaces
1
Department of Health and Sport Medicine, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2
Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, University of Iran, Tehran, Iran
Submission date: 2020-08-11
Acceptance date: 2021-01-13
Publication date: 2023-03-21
Physiother Quart. 2023;31(1):65-72
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Plyometric exercise is known as one of the key components of neuromuscular training programs. It is also possible to obtain higher muscular activity by exercising on tatami and mats. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the activity of hamstring and gluteus medius in 7 typical plyometric exercises on 3 different surfaces and identify the best exercises and surfaces that would further increase hamstring and gluteus medius activity.
Methods:
The study involved 20 male athletes. The participants performed 7 plyometric exercises on 3 surfaces: ground, tatami, and mat. The electromyographic activity of muscles was recorded with a ME6000 device in 2 phases: feedforward and feedback. To analyse the data, 2-way ANOVA with repeated measures and a Bonferroni post-hoc test were used.
Results:
Gluteus medius was most active in the feedforward phase in single-leg frontal plane hop (SLFPH), and in the feedback phase in SLFPH and single-leg sagittal plane hop (SLSPH) (p = 0.001). The medial hamstring and lateral hamstring showed the highest values of activity in the feedforward phase in SLSPH, SLFPH, and double-leg sagittal plane hop (DLSPH) (p = 0.001). There was no significant difference between the surfaces (p > 0.05).
Conclusions:
SLSPH, DLSPH, and SLFPH improve the recruitment and the strength of gluteus medius and hamstrings and should be given considerable attention in training programs. Exercise on the ground, tatami, and mattress is allowed and in terms of the purpose of the research, there is no difference between them.
Plyometric exercise is known as one of the key components of neuromuscular training programs. It is also possible to obtain higher muscular activity by exercising on tatami and mats. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the activity of hamstring and gluteus medius in 7 typical plyometric exercises on 3 different surfaces and identify the best exercises and surfaces that would further increase hamstring and gluteus medius activity.
Methods:
The study involved 20 male athletes. The participants performed 7 plyometric exercises on 3 surfaces: ground, tatami, and mat. The electromyographic activity of muscles was recorded with a ME6000 device in 2 phases: feedforward and feedback. To analyse the data, 2-way ANOVA with repeated measures and a Bonferroni post-hoc test were used.
Results:
Gluteus medius was most active in the feedforward phase in single-leg frontal plane hop (SLFPH), and in the feedback phase in SLFPH and single-leg sagittal plane hop (SLSPH) (p = 0.001). The medial hamstring and lateral hamstring showed the highest values of activity in the feedforward phase in SLSPH, SLFPH, and double-leg sagittal plane hop (DLSPH) (p = 0.001). There was no significant difference between the surfaces (p > 0.05).
Conclusions:
SLSPH, DLSPH, and SLFPH improve the recruitment and the strength of gluteus medius and hamstrings and should be given considerable attention in training programs. Exercise on the ground, tatami, and mattress is allowed and in terms of the purpose of the research, there is no difference between them.
REFERENCES (30)
1.
Nessler T, Denney L, Sampley J. ACL injury prevention: what does research tell us? Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2017;10(3):281–288; doi: 10.1007/s12178-017-9416-5.
2.
Myer GD, Ford KR, Brent JL, Hewett TE. The effects of plyometric vs. dynamic stabilization and balance training on power, balance, and landing force in female athletes. J Strength Cond Res. 2006;20(2):345–353; doi: 10.1519/R-17955.1.
3.
Alikhani R, Shahrjerdi S, Golpaigany M, Kazemi M. The effect of a six-week plyometric training on dynamic balance and knee proprioception in female badminton players. J Can Chiropr Assoc. 2019;63(3):144–153.
4.
Myer GD, Ford KR, McLean SG, Hewett TE. The effects of plyometric versus dynamic stabilization and balance training on lower extremity biomechanics. Am J Sports Med. 2006;34(3):445–455; doi: 10.1177/0363546505281241.
5.
Padua DA, DiStefano LJ, Hewett TE, Garrett WE, Marshall SW, Golden GM, et al. National Athletic Trainers’ Association position statement: prevention of anterior cruciate ligament injury. J Athl Train. 2018;53(1):5–19; doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-99-16.
6.
Hewett TE, Ford KR, Myer GD. Anterior cruciate ligament injuries in female athletes: Part 2, a meta-analysis of neuromuscular interventions aimed at injury prevention. Am J Sports Med. 2006;34(3):490–498; doi: 10.1177/0363546505282619.
7.
Nagai T, Schilaty ND, Strauss JD, Crowley EM, Hewett TE. Analysis of lower extremity proprioception for anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention: current opinion. Sports Med. 2018;48(6):1303–1309; doi: 10.1007/s40279-018-0889-1.
8.
Hewett TE, Zazulak BT, Myer GD, Ford KR. A review of electromyographic activation levels, timing differences, and increased anterior cruciate ligament injury incidence in female athletes. Br J Sports Med. 2005;39(6):347–350; doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2005.018572.
9.
Chimera NJ, Swanik KA, Swanik CB, Straub SJ. Effects of plyometric training on muscle-activation strategies and performance in female athletes. J Athl Train. 2004;39(1):24–31.
10.
Hewett TE, Lindenfeld TN, Riccobene JV, Noyes FR. The effect of neuromuscular training on the incidence of knee injury in female athletes. A prospective study. Am J Sports Med. 1999;27(6):699–706; doi: 10.1177/03635465990270060301.
11.
Rebutini VZ, Pereira G, Bohrer RCD, Ugrinowitsch C, Rodacki ALF. Plyometric long jump training with progressive loading improves kinetic and kinematic swimming start parameters. J Strength Cond Res. 2016;30(9):2392–2398; doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000360.
12.
Myklebust G, Engebretsen L, Braekken IH, Skjølberg A, Olsen O-E, Bahr R. Prevention of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in female team handball players: a prospective intervention study over three seasons. Clin J Sport Med. 2003;13(2):71–78; doi: 10.1097/00042752-200303000-00002.
13.
Peng H-T, Kernozek TW, Song C-Y. Quadricep and hamstring activation during drop jumps with changes in drop height. Phys Ther Sport. 2011;12(3):127–132; doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2010.10.001.
14.
Urabe Y, Kobayashi R, Sumida S, Tanaka K, Yoshida N, Nishiwaki GA, et al. Electromyographic analysis of the knee during jump landing in male and female athletes. Knee. 2005;12(2):129–134; doi: 10.1016/j.knee.2004.05.002.
15.
Struminger AH, Lewek MD, Goto S, Hibberd E, Blackburn JT. Comparison of gluteal and hamstring activation during five commonly used plyometric exercises. Clin Biomech. 2013;28(7):783–789; doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2013.06.010.
16.
Anderson K, Behm DG. Trunk muscle activity increases with unstable squat movements. Can J Appl Physiol. 2005;30(1):33–45; doi: 10.1139/h05-103.
17.
Bressel E, Willardson JM, Thompson B, Fontana FE. Effect of instruction, surface stability, and load intensity on trunk muscle activity. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2009;19(6):e500–e504; doi: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2008.10.006.
18.
Pourmahmoudian P, Minoonejad H, Jamshidi AA, Pourmahmoudian P. Investigating the electromyography activity of the effective selected muscles in anterior cruciate ligament injury during implementation of four plyometric exercises on soft and hard surfaces. Medicina Dello Sport. 2015;68(2):313–321.
19.
McBride JM, Larkin TR, Dayne AM, Haines TL, Kirby TJ. Effect of absolute and relative loading on muscle activity during stable and unstable squatting. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2010;5(2):177–183; doi: 10.1123/ijspp.5.2.177.
20.
Saeterbakken AH, Fimland MS. Muscle force output and electromyographic activity in squats with various unstable surfaces. J Strength Cond Res. 2013;27(1):130–136; doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182541d43.
21.
Wahl MJ, Behm DG. Not all instability training devices enhance muscle activation in highly resistance-trained individuals. J Strength Cond Res. 2008;22(4):1360–1370; doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318175ca3c.
22.
Mandelbaum BR, Silvers HJ, Watanabe DS, Knarr JF, Thomas SD, Griffin LY, et al. Effectiveness of a neuromuscular and proprioceptive training program in preventing anterior cruciate ligament injuries in female athletes: 2-year follow-up. Am J Sports Med. 2005;33(7):1003–1010; doi: 10.1177/0363546504272261.
23.
Hermens HJ, Freriks B, Disselhorst-Klug C, Rau G. Development of recommendations for SEMG sensors and sensor placement procedures. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2000;10(5):361–374; doi: 10.1016/s1050-6411(00)00027-4.
24.
Dankaerts W, O’Sullivan PB, Burnett AF, Straker LM, Danneels LA. Reliability of EMG measurements for trunk muscles during maximal and sub-maximal voluntary isometric contractions in healthy controls and CLBP patients. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2004;14(3):333–342; doi: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2003.07.001.
25.
Marshall P, Murphy B. The validity and reliability of surface EMG to assess the neuromuscular response of the abdominal muscles to rapid limb movement. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2003;13(5):477–489; doi: 10.1016/s1050-6411(03)00027-0.
26.
Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. New York: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1988.
27.
Hewett TE, Myer GD, Ford KR, Heidt RS Jr, Colosimo AJ, McLean SG, et al. Biomechanical measures of neuromuscular control and valgus loading of the knee predict anterior cruciate ligament injury risk in female athletes: a prospective study. Am J Sports Med. 2005;33(4):492–501; doi: 10.1177/0363546504269591.
28.
Krosshaug T, Nakamae A, Boden BP, Engebretsen L, Smith G, Slauterbeck JR, et al. Mechanisms of anterior cruciate ligament injury in basketball: video analysis of 39 cases. Am J Sports Med. 2007;35(3):359–367; doi: 10.1177/0363546506293899.
29.
Seegmiller JG, McCaw ST. Ground reaction forces among gymnasts and recreational athletes in drop landings. J Athl Train. 2003;38(4):311–314.
30.
Myer GD, Ford KR, Hewett TE. New method to identify athletes at high risk of ACL injury using clinic-based measurements and freeware computer analysis. Br J Sports Med. 2011;45(4):238–244; doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2010.072843.
Share
RELATED ARTICLE
| eISSN: | 2544-4395 |
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
